{"id":9483,"date":"2021-05-04T05:37:06","date_gmt":"2021-05-04T05:37:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/?p=9483"},"modified":"2021-05-04T06:16:01","modified_gmt":"2021-05-04T06:16:01","slug":"lacrobate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/?p=9483","title":{"rendered":"L’acrobate"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La semaine derni\u00e8re, je vous ai parl\u00e9 de Raymond Gur\u00eame. En \u00e9voquant ce personnage hors du commun, France Culture <\/a>rappelle que \u00ab\u00a0face \u00e0 l\u2019oppression et aux pers\u00e9cutions, les Manouches, Sint\u00e8s, Kal\u00e8s, Y\u00e9niches, Rroms ou Tsiganes, ont oppos\u00e9 des formes de r\u00e9sistances tr\u00e8s diverses.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong>
\nLast week, I told you about Raymond Gur\u00eame. By evoking this unusual character, France Culture<\/a> recalls that \u00ab\u00a0in the face of oppression and persecution, the Manouches, Sint\u00e8s, Kales, Y\u00e9niches, Rroms or Gypsies, put up very diverse forms of resistance.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Une autre \u00e9mission de France Culture<\/a> du 30 octobre 2012 qui comporte aussi des interviews, dont une de Raymond Gur\u00eame, \u00e9voque le carnet anthropom\u00e9trique, devenu carnet de circulation, qui semble avoir disparu depuis quelques ann\u00e9es (2017\u00a0?)\u00a0:\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Dans le sillage des nationalismes de 1870, les pays d\u2019Europe mettent les \u00e9trangers sous surveillance. On a peur de l\u2019ennemi, du traitre, de l\u2019espion et bient\u00f4t aussi on a peur des \u201cboh\u00e9miens\u201d. Alors on commence par cr\u00e9er une cat\u00e9gorie administrative : celle des nomades, (qui ne sont ni des forains, ni des marchands ambulants), puis l\u2019Etat va les recenser et leur imposer un carnet anthropom\u00e9trique (\u2026). Et ce n\u2019est que tr\u00e8s r\u00e9cemment, en octobre 2012 que le conseil constitutionnel invalide cette institution.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong>
\nAnother program from France Culture<\/a> of October 30, 2012 which also includes interviews, including one by Raymond Gur\u00eame, evokes the anthropometric notebook, which has become a circulation notebook, which seems to have disappeared for a few years (2017?): \u00ab\u00a0In the wake of nationalisms from 1870, the countries of Europe put foreigners under surveillance. We are afraid of the enemy, of the traitor, of the spy and soon we are also afraid of the \u201cgypsies\u201d. So we start by creating an administrative category: that of nomads (who are neither fairgrounds nor street vendors), then the State will identify them and impose an anthropometric notebook (…). And it was only very recently, in October 2012, that the Constitutional Council invalidated this institution.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Quand Raymond Gur\u00eame se fait violemment frapper par des policiers en 2014, \u00ab\u00a0DAL, Droit Au Logement, d\u00e9nonce<\/a> cette intervention violente, sans autre motif apparent que\u00a0le racisme, des repr\u00e9sailles, ou\/et un message d\u2019intimidation.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong>
\nWhen Raymond Gur\u00eame was violently beaten by the police in 2014, \u00ab\u00a0DAL, Droit Au Logement, Right to Housing denounces<\/a> this violent intervention, with no other apparent motive than racism, reprisals, or \/ and a message of intimidation.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Racisme, certainement. Alors commen\u00e7ons par les id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues. En cliquant sur ce lien<\/a>, vous en trouvez une quantit\u00e9, \u00e7a fait du bien de les d\u00e9noncer.<\/strong>
\nRacism, certainly. So let’s start with stereotypes. By clicking on this link<\/a>, you find a quantity, it feels good to denounce them.
\n\"\"<\/a>
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour ce qui concerne Raymond Gur\u00eame, je trouve des textes presque identiques sur \u00ab\u00a0Paris-Luttes Info\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0M\u00e9diapart\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0Rencontres tsiganes\u00a0\u00bb\u2026 J\u2019y vais de mon petit r\u00e9sum\u00e9, \u00e0 vous d\u2019en lire plus ici ou l\u00e0. Pour les anglophones, je vous laisse chercher des informations plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rales concernant ceux que l\u2019on appelle \u00ab\u00a0itin\u00e9rants\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0voyageurs\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0gens du voyage\u00a0\u00bb\u2026<\/strong>
\nAs far as Raymond Gur\u00eame is concerned, I find almost identical texts on \u00ab\u00a0Paris-Luttes Info\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0M\u00e9diapart\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0Rencontres tsiganes\u00a0\u00bb \u2026 I’ll go from my little summary, it’s up to you to read more here and there. For English speakers, I’ll let you look for more general information about those we call \u00ab\u00a0itinerants\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0travelers\u00a0\u00bb\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Raymond est le fils d\u2019un ancien combattant de 14\/18 qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 gaz\u00e9. Il voit le jour dans la caravane familiale, sa famille vit d\u2019un petit cirque et d\u2019un cin\u00e9ma ambulant, muet, \u00e0 manivelle. D\u00e9j\u00e0 son grand-p\u00e8re avait un projecteur \u00e0 manivelle et un groupe \u00e9lectrog\u00e8ne. Tout petit Raymond joue un r\u00f4le dans le spectacle.<\/strong>
\nRaymond is the son of a 14\/18 veteran who was gassed. He was born in the family caravan, his family lives on a small circus and a traveling, silent, hand-cranked cinema. Already his grandfather had a crank projector and a generator. Tiny Raymond plays a role in the show.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Ce cirque et ce cin\u00e9ma sont bien accueillis le plus souvent. \u00ab\u00a0Il n\u2019y avait pas de barri\u00e8re entre les s\u00e9dentaires et les itin\u00e9rants comme maintenant\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> dira Raymond.<\/strong>
\nThis circus and this cinema are generally well received. \u00ab\u00a0There was no barrier between the sedentary and the homeless like now,\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> Raymond said.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

En octobre 1940, Raymond est alors adolescent, les gendarmes frappent \u00e0 la porte \u00e0 six heures du matin. Raymond, ses parents, ses 8 fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs sont contraints de tout abandonner, roulottes, chapiteau, appareils de cin\u00e9ma. Ils sont enferm\u00e9s et seront finalement transf\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e0 Linas-Monthl\u00e9ry (tout pr\u00e8s de Br\u00e9tigny-sur-Orge). En effet, depuis 1912, les populations itin\u00e9rantes sont fich\u00e9es \u00ab\u00a0et r\u00e9parties en trois cat\u00e9gories: les commer\u00e7ants ambulants, les forains et les \u00ab\u00a0nomades\u00a0\u00bb, ces derniers \u00e9tant les moins bien consid\u00e9r\u00e9s et devant d\u00e9tenir un carnet anthropom\u00e9trique.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> D\u2019une chose \u00e0 l\u2019autre la nuance entre commer\u00e7ants ambulants, forains et nomades dispara\u00eet. Les d\u00e9placements sont interdits pour la dur\u00e9e de la guerre. Pour Raymond et sa famille, rappeler que son p\u00e8re est fran\u00e7ais depuis des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations, qu\u2019il est un ancien combattant, tout cela est inutile. Au contraire, les intern\u00e9s \u00ab\u00a0nomades\u00a0\u00bb ne seront lib\u00e9r\u00e9s qu\u2019en 1946. Quant \u00e0 sa carte d\u2019intern\u00e9 politique, Raymond ne la re\u00e7oit qu\u2019en 2009, vingt-sept ans apr\u00e8s sa premi\u00e8re demande. <\/strong>
\nIn October 1940, Raymond was then a teenager, the gendarmes knocked on the door at six in the morning. Raymond, his parents, his 8 brothers and sisters are forced to give up everything, trailers, marquee, cinema equipment. They are locked up and will finally be transferred to Linas-Monthl\u00e9ry (very close to Br\u00e9tigny-sur-Orge). Indeed, since 1912, itinerant populations have been recorded \u00ab\u00a0and divided into three categories: itinerant traders, fairgrounds and \u201cnomads\u201d, the latter being the least well regarded and having to hold an anthropometric notebook.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> From one thing to another the nuance between itinerant traders, fairground and nomads disappears. Travel is prohibited for the duration of the war. For Raymond and his family, remembering that his father has been French for generations, that he is a veteran, all of this is unnecessary. On the contrary, the \u00ab\u00a0nomadic\u00a0\u00bb internees were not released until 1946. As for his political internee card, Raymond did not receive it until 2009, twenty-seven years after his first request.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Cr\u00e9dits : Bertrand Guay AFP<\/p><\/div>\n

La pr\u00e9sence des \u00ab nomades \u00bb dans la r\u00e9sistance est ignor\u00e9e.
\nLa m\u00e9moire des \u00ab camps d\u2019internement des nomades \u00bb s\u2019estompe dans l\u2019oubli.<\/strong>
\nThe presence of \u00ab\u00a0nomads\u00a0\u00bb in the resistance is ignored. The memory of the \u00ab\u00a0nomadic internment camps\u00a0\u00bb fades into oblivion.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La tournure qu\u2019\u00e0 prise mon rapport \u00e0 l\u2019autorit\u00e9 et \u00e0 ceux qui sont suppos\u00e9s incarner l\u2019ordre, policiers et gendarmes, remonte \u00e0 mon internement arbitraire de Linas-Montlh\u00e9ry. Policiers et gendarmes \u00e9taient alors charg\u00e9s d\u2019appliquer des mesures indignes contre les citoyens fran\u00e7ais que nous \u00e9tions. Et la majorit\u00e9 d\u2019entre eux le faisaient sans moufter. <\/strong><\/em>
\nApr\u00e8s 1945, ni le statut de rescap\u00e9 de la Grande Guerre de mon p\u00e8re, ni notre internement, ni mon engagement dans la R\u00e9sistance n\u2019ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnus.<\/strong><\/em>
\nEn revanche, ma famille et moi avons continu\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00eatre trait\u00e9s comme des bons \u00e0 rien et des voleurs de poules par ces m\u00eames policiers et gendarmes.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> Raymond Gur\u00eame<\/strong>
\n\u00ab\u00a0The turn taken in my relationship to authority and to those who are supposed to embody order, police and gendarmes, goes back to my arbitrary internment in Linas-Montlh\u00e9ry. Policemen and gendarmes were then responsible for applying unworthy measures against the French citizens that we were. And the majority of them did so without snoozing.<\/strong><\/span><\/em>
\nAfter 1945, neither my father’s status as a survivor of the Great War, nor our internment, nor my involvement in the Resistance was recognized.<\/strong><\/span><\/em>
\nHowever, my family and I continued to be treated like good-for-nothing and chicken thieves by these same police and gendarmes. \u00bb<\/em> Raymond Gur\u00eame<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Acrobate, Raymond s\u2019\u00e9vade, est trahi par le maire \u00e0 qui il a demand\u00e9 de l\u2019aide, s\u2019\u00e9vade \u00e0 nouveau, se cache dans un arbre jusqu\u2019au petit matin alors qu\u2019on le cherche \u00e0 terre. Libre, il revient aider les siens mais il perd leur trace apr\u00e8s un transfert. Engag\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9sistance, il vole un camion de vivres allemand. Fait prisonnier \u00e0 plusieurs reprises, il multiplie les \u00e9vasions\u00a0!<\/strong>
\nAcrobat, Raymond escapes, is betrayed by the mayor he has asked for help, escapes again, hides in a tree until dawn when he is searched on the ground. Free, he returns to help his family but loses their trace after a transfer. Engaged in the resistance, he steals a German food truck. Taken prisoner several times, he multiplies the escapes!
\n\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Il retrouve sa famille apr\u00e8s de longues ann\u00e9es et convainc ses parents de devenir ouvriers agricoles.<\/strong>
\nHe reunited with his family after many years and convinced his parents to become agricultural workers.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Il s\u2019installe dans la r\u00e9gion de Linas-Montlh\u00e9ry, face \u00e0 la colline o\u00f9 lui et les siens ont tant souffert. Il garde le silence pendant des d\u00e9cennies, puis se d\u00e9cide enfin \u00e0 parler, inquiet de l\u2019\u00e9volution \u00e0 laquelle il assiste\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Mais \u00e0 quatre-vingt-cinq ans je t\u00e9moigne aussi pour les g\u00e9n\u00e9rations qui viennent apr\u00e8s moi.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong>
\nHe settles in the Linas-Montlh\u00e9ry region, facing the hill where he and his family suffered so much. He remains silent for decades, then finally decides to speak, worried about the evolution he is witnessing: \u00ab\u00a0But at eighty-five I also bear witness for the generations that come after me.\u00a0\u00bb
\n\"\"<\/a>
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Avec son livre, il \u00ab\u00a0brise soixante-dix ans de silence pour d\u00e9noncer les discriminations toujours vives \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard des nomades.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong>
\nWith his book, he \u00ab\u00a0breaks seventy years of silence to denounce the still strong discrimination against nomads.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Petite biblio \u2014 <\/strong>Bibliography (in French !)<\/em><\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00ab\u00a0Interdit aux nomades\u00a0\u00bb<\/span> de Raymond Gur\u00eame et Isabelle Ligner, publi\u00e9 en 2011\u00a0chez Calmann-L\u00e9vy.<\/strong>
\n\u00ab\u00a0Br\u00fblez-moi, comme \u00e7a je peux chanter\u00a0!\u00a0\u00bb<\/span> Dominique Carpentier – Dominique Idir – \u00e9ditions Artriballes<\/strong>
\n\u00ab\u00a0Tsiganes\u00a0\u00bb<\/span> Jan Yoors – \u00e9ditions<\/strong> libretto<\/strong>
\n\u00ab\u00a0Petite histoire du peuple rrom\u00a0\u00bb<\/span> Marcel Courthiade – \u00e9ditions \u00ab\u00a0le bord de l’eau\u00a0\u00bb
\n\u00ab\u00a0Je suis tsigane et je le reste : des camps de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s roms jusqu’\u00e0 la Sorbonne\u00a0\u00bb<\/span> de Anina Ciuciu \u2014 de nombreuses vid\u00e9os de Anina nous montrent cette jeune avocate qui a connu la plus grande mis\u00e8re. Elle a m\u00eame rencontr\u00e9 Macron<\/a> avant son \u00e9lection. Il n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 brillant !
\n\u2014 many videos of Anina show us this young lawyer who has known the greatest misery. She even met Macron<\/a> before his election. He was not brilliant!
\n\u00ab\u00a0Ces barbel\u00e9s oubli\u00e9s par l\u2019histoire\u00a0\u00bb<\/span> de Jacques Sigot aux \u00e9ditions Walada est consacr\u00e9 au camp d’internement des tsiganes \u00e0 Montreuil-Bellay.<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

LIENS \u2014 LINKS<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/www.rencontrestsiganes.fr\/qui-sommes-nous\/<\/strong>
\nRencontres Tsiganes<\/a> est anim\u00e9e par des citoyens et des citoyennes, gadj\u00e9*, gitans, manouches, roms, s\u00e9dentaires ou voyageurs, qui, professionnels ou militants associatifs, \u0153uvrent ensemble pour lutter contre l\u2019ignorance et les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/em>
\n*Les gadj\u00e9, c\u2019est vous et moi si vous ne faites pas partie de ces voyageurs.<\/strong>
\nRencontres Tsiganes<\/a> is run by citizens, gadj\u00e9 *, gypsies, Roma, sedentary people or travelers, who, professionals or activists, work together to fight against ignorance and prejudice.<\/strong><\/span><\/em>
\n* The gadj\u00e9 are you and me if you are not one of these travelers.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Voyageurs-citoyens<\/strong><\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.voyageurs-citoyens.fr\/<\/strong>
\nPlus de 40 ans apr\u00e8s la promulgation de la loi de 1969, les associations repr\u00e9sentatives des Voyageurs et les associations de d\u00e9fense de leurs droits restent fermement\u00a0 d\u00e9termin\u00e9es \u00e0 lutter pour un plein acc\u00e8s au droit commun et \u00e0 une citoyennet\u00e9 \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re.<\/strong><\/em>
\nMore than 40 years after the enactment of the 1969 law, the associations representing Travelers and the associations defending their rights remain firmly determined to fight for full access to common law and full citizenship.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00e9fiance ancestrale envers l\u2019\u00ab\u00a0Autre\u00a0\u00bb, peur de l\u2019inconnu\u00a0? Id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues\u00a0? J\u2019esp\u00e8re que vous aurez appris, un peu, avec ces quelques lignes. Moi, je comprends mieux pourquoi les occupants des tiny houses ont du mal \u00e0 se poser quelque part\u00a0!<\/strong>
\nAncestral mistrust of the \u00ab\u00a0Other\u00a0\u00bb, fear of the unknown? Stereotypes ? I hope you have learned, a little, with these few lines. I understand better why the occupants of tiny houses have trouble landing somewhere!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Je ne suis pas acrobate et selon mon habitude mon encha\u00eenement manque d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9gance, mais j\u2019ai \u00e9t\u00e9 touch\u00e9e par cette belle histoire, alors la voici, l\u2019amiti\u00e9 d\u2019un pigeon avec le retrait\u00e9 qui lui a sauv\u00e9 la vie.<\/a> Merci \u00e0 ma belle-s\u0153ur pour l\u2019envoi\u00a0!<\/strong>
\nI’m not an acrobat and in my habit my sequence lacks elegance, but I was touched by this beautiful story, so here it is, the friendship of a pigeon with the pensioner who saved her life. <\/a>Thanks to my sister-in-law for sending!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Et puis j\u2019ai \u00e9cout\u00e9 plusieurs fois Liliberta chanter \u00ab\u00a0je suis fils\u00a0\u00bb<\/a> et comme j\u2019aime beaucoup cette chanson, et qu\u2019elle n\u2019est pas assez \u00e9cout\u00e9e, je vous invite \u00e0 la d\u00e9couvrir. Le texte appara\u00eet sous la vid\u00e9o.<\/strong>
\nAnd then I listened several times to Liliberta singing \u00ab\u00a0I am a son\u00a0\u00bb<\/a> and since I like this song a lot, and it is not listened to enough, I invite you to check it out. The text appears below the video.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Et ici\u00a0? Apr\u00e8s la pluie tant attendue, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 abondante, on a eu tr\u00e8s froid et peur du gel, mais le jardin se porte bien. Paul re\u00e7oit des visiteurs, des jardiniers ravis de faire quelques \u00e9changes\u2026<\/strong>
\nAnd here ? After the long-awaited rain, which was abundant, we were very cold and afraid of frost, but the garden is doing well. Paul receives visitors, gardeners delighted to make some exchanges …<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  La semaine derni\u00e8re, je vous ai parl\u00e9 de Raymond Gur\u00eame. En \u00e9voquant ce personnage hors du commun, France Culture rappelle que \u00ab\u00a0face \u00e0 l\u2019oppression et aux pers\u00e9cutions, les Manouches, Sint\u00e8s, Kal\u00e8s, Y\u00e9niches, Rroms ou Tsiganes, ont oppos\u00e9 des formes … Continuer la lecture →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9483"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9483"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9520,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9483\/revisions\/9520"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pasassezdetemps.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}